34. 雅各布·肖像,荷兰东印度公司鹿特丹商会理事,1689年当选` Portrait of Jacob Dane, Director of the Rotterdam Chamber of the Dutch East India Company, elected 1689 (1700) by Pieter Van Der Werff 高清作品[18%]

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Portrait of Jacob Dane, Director of the Rotterdam Chamber of the 荷兰艺术家 East India Company, elected 1689 (1700) -

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雅各布·肖像,荷兰艺术家东印度公司鹿特丹商会理事,1689年当选-彼得·范德沃夫

` Portrait of Jacob Dane, Director of the Rotterdam Chamber of the 荷兰艺术家 East India Company, elected 1689 (1700) --Pieter Van Der Werff (荷兰艺术家, 1665 - 1722)

39. 管道组合,曼Medecine神秘管道`Portfolio of Pipes, Medecine mystery Pipes of the Mandans by George Catlin 高清作品[17%]

AF-Portfolio of Pipes, Medecine mystery Pipes of the Mandans

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管道组合,曼Medecine神秘管道-卡特林

-A selection of Indian pipes in “Catlin’s North 美国艺术家 Indian Collection”.
The males amongst the North 美国艺术家 Indians all smoke, using instead of tobacco, several narcotics, such as inner bark of Red Willow, sumach leaves & c. which they call “k’nick-k’neck”, when it is prepared for smoking; to which, when they can get it, they add a small portion of tobacco.
Each man manufactures his own pipe, the bowl of which is generally carved in spar, in marble, stealite or potstone, found in their countries.
Pipes amongst the Am Indians are not only matters of luxury in the hands of all private individuals, where they are always emblems of peace and tendered as friendly salutations; but are kept in all tribes by the chiefs, as instruments for solemnizing Treaties; in which case they are public property considered sacred, and denominated “Calumets”, (or pipe of peace).