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两条垂直的装饰性条纹,卷须上有putti-尼克劳斯·曼纽尔
` Zwei senkrechte Ornamentstreifen mit Putten in Ranken (1517) --Niklaus Manuel (瑞士画家, 1484 – 1530)
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管道、装饰的战斧管和管碗组合-卡特林
-A selection of Indian pipes in “Catlin’s North 美国艺术家 Indian Collection”.
The males amongst the North 美国艺术家 Indians all smoke, using instead of tobacco, several narcotics, such as inner bark of Red Willow, sumach leaves & c. which they call “k’nick-k’neck”, when it is prepared for smoking; to which, when they can get it, they add a small portion of tobacco.
Each man manufactures his own pipe, the bowl of which is generally carved in spar, in marble, stealite or potstone, found in their countries.
Pipes amongst the Am Indians are not only matters of luxury in the hands of all private individuals, where they are always emblems of peace and tendered as friendly salutations; but are kept in all tribes by the chiefs, as instruments for solemnizing Treaties; in which case they are public property considered sacred, and denominated “Calumets”, (or pipe of peace).